Torn Meniscus & Healing: Common Questions


A Torn meniscus is a common injury that affects many athletes and active individuals. When you have a meniscus injury, there is reduced blood flow to the knee, leading to inflammation and reduced movement. This results in atrophy - a shortening of muscles, tendons, and ligaments of the joint, which can lead to more soft tissue injuries and put you in a chronic soft tissue injury cycle. On this page, we will discuss whether a torn meniscus can heal on its own and without surgery, how torn meniscus heals, how long it takes for torn meniscus to heal, and the various treatment options available.

Can a Torn Meniscus Heal?

A common question that many people have is whether a torn meniscus can heal. The answer to this question depends on several factors, the largest factors being size and location of the tear as well as the patient's overall health.

Can Torn Meniscus Heal on Their Own?

If you are fortunate and your meniscus tear is small and located within the red zone (a zone where there is some blood flow to the area), then there is a chance of recovery without the need for surgery. The body's natural healing process can repair the tear, and physical therapy can help restore the joint's function.

Can Torn Meniscus Heal Without Surgery?

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair a torn meniscus. However, not all meniscus tears require surgery. If the tear is in the red zone and is small, conservative treatment such as rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), along with physical therapy, may be enough to heal the injury. For larger tears, surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged tissue.

If the tear is located within the red zone, there is a chance that it may heal on its own with proper rest and rehabilitation. Non-surgical treatment options for a torn meniscus include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), physical therapy, and pain management. The goal of non-surgical treatment is to reduce pain and inflammation, improve range of motion, and strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee joint to support healing and prevent further injury. However, if the tear is severe, surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged meniscus.

How Do Torn Meniscus Heal?

When a meniscus tear occurs, the body's natural healing process begins. The first step is inflammation, which helps to clear away damaged tissue and promote the growth of new tissue. The second step is the proliferation phase, during which new cells grow and replace the damaged tissue. The proliferation phase involves the formation of scar tissue in the area of the tear. The scar tissue helps to connect the torn edges of the meniscus and promotes healing. The healing process can be slow, especially in cases where the tear is in the white zone with poor blood supply. Finally, the remodeling phase occurs, during which the new tissue matures and adapts to the demands placed upon it. In cases where the tear is in the white zone, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the damaged tissue and allow for proper healing.

How Long for Torn Meniscus to Heal?

The healing time for a torn meniscus varies depending on several factors, including the severity of the tear, the patient's age and overall health, and the treatment plan. For small tears located within the red zone, healing may occur within a few weeks to a few months with conservative treatment such as RICE (rest, ice/cold, compression, elevation) and physical therapy. For larger tears, healing will take several longer months, and surgery may be necessary to promote healing. A combination of conservative treatment options plus Physical therapy can be helpful in promoting healing and restoring function to the knee joint.

Factors Affecting Torn Meniscus Healing

Several factors can affect the healing process of a torn meniscus. Age is a critical factor, with older individuals experiencing slower healing times due to decreased blood flow and decreased cellular activity. Other factors that can affect healing include the severity and location of the tear, the patient's overall health, and the type of treatment administered.

Treatment Options for Torn Meniscus

There are several treatment options available for torn meniscus, depending on the severity of the tear and the patient's overall health. For small tears located within the red zone, conservative treatment options such as RICE and physical therapy may be enough to heal the injury. Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee, improve flexibility and range of motion, and promote healing. We also recommend reading through our home conservative treatment for torn meniscus page, here.

For larger tears, surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged tissue. There are two main surgical options: arthroscopic surgery and open surgery. Arthroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that involves the use of a small camera to guide the surgeon in repairing or removing the damaged tissue. Open surgery is a more invasive procedure that requires a larger incision and may be necessary for more severe tears.


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During your recovery, you will probably have to modify and/or eliminate any activities that cause pain or discomfort at the location of your soft tissue injury until the pain and inflammation settle. The more diligent you are with your treatment and rehabilitation, the faster you will see successful results!


References:

"Meniscus Tears." American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Accessed February 27, 2023. website.

Kapoor, Jaspal R., and William G. Hamilton. "Management of meniscal tears: state of the art." Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine 1, no. 6 (2016): 346-353.

National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Meniscal Tears. Accessed February 27, 2023. website.

Shelbourne, K.D., Gray, T. Meniscal repair and transplantation: indications, techniques, and results. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003 Nov;33(11): 568-81. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2003.33.11.568.

Verdonk, R., Madry, H., Shabshin, N., et al. The role of meniscal tissue in joint protection in early osteoarthritis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016 Jan;24(1): 176-182. doi: 10.1007/s00167-015-3967-2.

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Meniscus Tears. website.


Please be aware that this information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider before using any of our outstanding products to make sure they are right for you and your condition or if you have any questions regarding a medical condition. Always see your doctor for a proper diagnosis as there are often many injuries and conditions (some very serious) that could be the cause of your pain.

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